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(詳細はcategories grammatical gender, number, case (only vocative) and definiteness. A noun has one of three specific grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, neuter) and two numbers (singular and plural), With cardinal numbers and some adverbs, masculine nouns use a separate count form. Definiteness is expressed by a definite article which is postfixed to the noun. ==Noun formation== Nouns can be formed from other words by means of suffixes. Some important suffixes that are used to form nouns are: *-ар for male people (рибар - fisher, книжар - bookseller, бръснар - barber); *-ач for male people (носач - carrier, купувач - buyer, продавач - seller); *-тел for male people (учител - teacher, родител - parent, строител - builder); *-ин for male people (българин - a Bulgarian, гражданин - citizen, селянин - villager); *-ик for male people (виновник - culprit, изменик - betrayer, довереник - agent); *-ец for male people (летец - flier, хубавец - handsome man, планинец - mountaineer); *-ица for female people (царица - queen, певица - singer, хубавица - belle); * * for female animals (лъвица - lioness, слоница - female elephant, магарица - jennet); * * for feminine diminutives (водица - water, главица - head, сестрица - sister); * * for feminine objects (ножица - scissors, вилица - fork, солница - saltern); * * for products for eating and drinking (лютеница - pepper puree, наденица - sausage, сливовица - plum-brandy); *-ка for female people (учителка - female teacher, лекарка - female doctor, студентка - female university student); * * for feminine diminutives (градинка - garden, картинка - picture, калинка - ladybird); *-ник for objects (хладилник - refrigerator, чайник - teapot, калник - mud-guard); * * for places with certain purpose (рибарник - breeding-pond, рудник - colliery); *-иня for female people (богиня - goddess, боркиня - woman fighter, немкиня - a German woman/girl); *-алня for places with certain purpose (читалня - reading-room, съблекалня - changing-room); *-ище for places where something is done (училище - school, читалище - library club, игрище - playground); * * for augmentatives (мъжище, женище, детище); *-ница for places where something is done (бръснарница - barber's, млекарница - milk shop); *-ство for places where a department is located (издателство - publishing house, посолство - embassy); * * for the names of certain activities (тъкачество - weaving, шивачество - needlecraft); * * for the names of certain qualities (удобство - convenience, нехайство - carelessness); * * for collective nouns (войнство - army, студентство - students); *-а for the names of some actions (просвета - education, проява - act/deed); *-ба for the names of some actions (борба — fight, молба — request); *-ние for the names of some action (учение — teaching, писание — writing); *-ина for the names of abstract qualities (топлина - warmth, бързина - quickness); *-еж for the names of some actions (строеж - building, стремеж - striving); *-итба for the names of some actions (сеитба - sowing, коситба - mowing); *-не for the names of some actions (четене - reading, писане - writing); *-ост for the names of abstract qualities (младост, твърдост - hardness); *-ие for abstract nouns (съгласие - agreement, усилие - effort); *-е for masculine diminutives (столе, пръсте - small finger); *-ота for the names of abstract qualities (топлота - warmth, красота - beauty); *-ле for masculine diminutives (носле - nose, вратле — neck); *-че for masculine diminutives (братче - brother, столче - small chair); *-ичка for feminine diminutives (водичка — water, главичка - small head); *-це for neuter diminutives (крилце - small wing, селце - small village); 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bulgarian nouns」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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